New frontiers in immunotherapy.

Abstract

Traditional allergen immunotherapy has been shown to be effective in numerous studies and can affect the natural course of allergic diseases. However, knowledge gained from cytokine regulation and vaccines as immuno-modifiers have shed new insight into other forms of immunotherapy. Novel routes, the role of allergen vaccines, and humanized anti-IgE and DNA-based immunization are the new frontiers of immunotherapy. This review considers both humoral and cellular response, mechanisms, and investigations at our center and the role of anti-IgE-based immunization as other strategies.