Abstract
The use of ACCase-inhibiting herbicides without the correct addition of an adjuvant is a major cause of inefficient poaceous weed control. As such, this study aimed to assess the efficiency of a new clethodim/adjuvant formulated mixture in postemergence weed control for soybean crops. Two field experiments were conducted in the 2015/16 and 2016/17 growing seasons. A randomized block design, consisting of ten treatments with four repetitions, was used. The treatments and doses were: clethodim (108 g a.i. ha-1) + Lanzar® (0.5%), clethodim (108 g a.i. ha-1) + Nimbus® (0.5%), clethodim/adjuvant formulation at doses of (84 g a.i. ha-1), (96 g a.i. ha-1), (108 g a.i. ha-1), (120 g a.i. ha-1), (132 g a.i. ha-1), and (144 g a.i. ha-1), and a control with and without weeding. The formulated clethodim/adjuvant mixture showed high control at 7 days after application (DAA) in the 2015/16 growing season. At 28 DAA, formulation doses of 108 g a.i. ha-1 and higher exhibited superior weed control and the highest crop yields. Therefore, the use of correct adjuvant or formulated mixture is essential to increase the efficiency of clethodim herbicide.
Highlights
Introduction2020, Vol 8, No 4 existing mechanisms of action (Loureiro et al, 2017)
Weed control in no-till systems has become a challenge for farmers due to weed resistance to2020, Vol 8, No 4 existing mechanisms of action (Loureiro et al, 2017)
Herbicide-related symptoms were slower to emerge in the 2016/17 season compared to 2015/16, with significant control similar to the first year of the experiment only observed at 14 days after application (DAA) for the highest formulated mixture doses, and at 21 and 28 DAA for all the herbicides (Figure 2), this difference is likely climate related
Summary
2020, Vol 8, No 4 existing mechanisms of action (Loureiro et al, 2017) These plants compete aggressively with soybean crops and can cause seed yield losses of more than 50% (Vidal & Trezzi, 2006; Barroso et al, 2010). Management practices that can lead to the selection of resistant weed biotypes include weed control using herbicides and repeatedly applying the same mechanism of action over several growing seasons (Jugulam & Gill, 2018). The mineral oil, for instance, is known to increase the efficiency of ACCase-inhibiting herbicides (Costa et al, 2013), in this way, those herbicides should be always used in association with an adjuvant (Sharma & Renjith, 2016). In comparison with other adjuvants, the oil mineral presented the best efficiency in the Avena sativa control with haloxifop herbicide (Shánchez, et al, 2018)
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