Abstract
In order to set the scene for the investigations that follow, this chapter reviews the current literature on changing organizational form. It explores three groups of literature. The first, associated with the concept of ‘flexible specialization’, is that on the network form of organization. Next, the literature, mainly associated with the implications of IT for organizational form, on the networked organization is covered. Thirdly, the broad range of new technologies and techniques — generically dubbed advanced production methods — is discussed. The chapter closes with a closer look at theories of the emerging production paradigm, particularly ‘world-class manufacturing’ and ‘lean production’. The conclusion is drawn that the paradox of flexibility and productivity is at the heart of the changes presently under way.
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