Abstract
Increasing bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a worldwide ongoing issue. Urgent need for new antibacterial agents has resulted in significant research efforts, with new molecules proposed for use in clinical practice. However, as highlighted by many groups this process does not have an optimal rhythm and efficacy, to fully combat highly adaptive germs, particularly in the intensive care units. This review focuses on the last three years of novel FDA approved antibacterial agents (2015-2017): ceftazidime/avibactam, obiltoxaximab, bezlotoxu-mab, delafloxacin, meropenem/vaborbactam, ozenoxacin. Ceftazidime/avibactam and meropenem/ vaborbactam are new players in the field of resistant bacteria treatment. Ceftazidime/avibactam is validated in selected patients with complicated urinary or intra-abdominal infections, hospital and ventilator-associated pneumonia. Meropenem/ vaborbactam gained approval for the cases of complicated urinary tract infections. Other potential indications are under investigation, widened and validated by future studies. Obiltoxaximab is a monoclonal antibody that can be used in the prevention and treatment of inhalational anthrax. Bezlotoxumab monoclonal antibody is an useful and specific tool for the management of recurrent Clostridium difficile infection. Delafloxacin is approved for patients with acute skin or skin structure infections. Despite recent progress, it is imperative to continue the development of new antibiotic drugs and new strategies to counteract resistance to antibiotics.
Highlights
Antibiotics discovery and clinical use is undoubtedly one of the pillars of modern medicine
New classes of antibiotics were created, old drugs regained interest and paradigm changes were proposed[2,3,4]. This process seems to have diminished its pace and, after less than a century since the first clinical use of an antibiotic, bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a major concern of current medical practice and research[5]
A careful antibiotic stewardship combined with public health prevention measures are vigorously promoted, in order to lower the incidence of resistant bacteria[2,6,7,8,9]
Summary
Antibiotics discovery and clinical use is undoubtedly one of the pillars of modern medicine. Some bacteria highly susceptible to develop resistance, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Acinetobacter baumannii, end up being treated by not so new drugs like colimycin[3,10,11] From this perspective, the intensive care physician is looking regularly to the research field, expecting an ideal antibiotic: specific, effective, well tolerated and with no long term induced resistance. The intensive care physician is looking regularly to the research field, expecting an ideal antibiotic: specific, effective, well tolerated and with no long term induced resistance In this present review, we briefly address the new antibacterial agents approved during the recent years by FDA, as a hope to reinforce the current therapeutic armamentarium. A retrospective case series argued the quick emergence of resistance in treated patients[21,22]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
