New exact traveling wave solutions of the (3 + 1) dimensional Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (KP) equation

Abstract

The repeated homogeneous balance method is used to construct new exact traveling wave solutions of the (3+1) dimensional Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (KP) equation, in which the homogeneous balance method is applied to solve the Riccati equation and the reduced nonlinear ordinary differential equation, respectively. Many new exact traveling wave solutions are successfully obtained, which contain soliton-like and periodic-like solutions. This method is straightforward and concise, and it can be also applied to other nonlinear evolution equations.