Abstract
There had been remarkable progress in developing third-generation electron storage rings as the main sources of very bright photon beams. Fourth-generation storage rings based on the multi-bend achromat lattice concept may be able to surpass the brightness and coherence that are attained using present third-generation storage rings. In this paper, we survey ongoing work around the world to develop concepts and designs for fourth-generation electron storage rings.
Highlights
1 Introduction High-brightness photon beams from storage rings play a central role in condensed matter material science and biology experiments in the world today
We address the new era of synchrotron radiation and describe overall contents about fourth-generation storage rings (4GSR)
MAX-III realized the integrated magnet system which could make machine compacter. Some pioneering laboratories such as SOLEIL, MAX Laboratory, and SIRIUS started extensive use of non-evaporable getter (NEG)-coated chamber for their storage ring vacuum system, which had been developed in CERN
Summary
High-brightness photon beams from storage rings play a central role in condensed matter material science and biology experiments in the world today. Based on these environments, eventually, the MAX-IV [19] 3-GeV electron storage ring was started, the first of a new generation of light sources to make use of MBA lattice to achieve ultralow emittance and ultrahigh brightness and transverse coherence. Main features of 4GSR vacuum systems are small aperture for beam chambers and tight space for vacuum instruments in order to accommodate required number of magnets Some pioneering laboratories such as SOLEIL [28], MAX-IV [29], and SIRIUS [30] succeeded in extensive use of NEG-coated chamber for their storage ring vacuum system, which had been developed in CERN. In order to realize the worldwide competitive photon beam in 10~30 keV photon beam energy range with 800-m circumference ring, beam parameters are 4-GeV beam energy, 400-mA beam current, and 58-pm beam emittance considering well-proven technology
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