Abstract
Since the evolution of the electric and hybrid vehicle, the analysis of batteries’ characteristics and influence on driving range has become essential. This fact advocates the necessity of accurate simulation modeling for batteries. Different models for the Li-ion battery cell are reviewed in this paper and a group of the highly dynamic models is selected for comparison. A new open circuit voltage (OCV) model is proposed. The new model can simulate the OCV curves of lithium iron magnesium phosphate (LiFeMgPO4) battery type at different temperatures. It also considers both charging and discharging cases. The most remarkable features from different models, in addition to the proposed OCV model, are integrated in a single hybrid electrical model. A lumped thermal model is implemented to simulate the temperature development in the battery cell. The synthesized electro-thermal battery cell model is extended to model a battery pack of an actual electric vehicle. Experimental tests on the battery, as well as drive tests on the vehicle are performed. The proposed model demonstrates a higher modeling accuracy, for the battery pack voltage, than the constituent models under extreme maneuver drive tests.
Highlights
The global climate change, escalation in fuel cost, and the energy consumption, urged the necessity to replace the fossil fuel with renewable and environment friendly energy sources
Different modeling approaches are found in the literature
The temperature influence is considered by adding potential terms, which are voltage due to electrode film fading effect is modeled as an additional series resistance cyc
Summary
The global climate change, escalation in fuel cost, and the energy consumption, urged the necessity to replace the fossil fuel with renewable and environment friendly energy sources. Li-ion batteries have become the preferable energy storage for the future electric vehicles [1] They receive greater attention than other battery types, such as lead-acid and nickel-cadmium batteries, due to their practical physical characteristics. V cut-off represents the empty state of the battery where the minimum allowable voltage is reached. The vehicle under test (VUT) is equipped with battery cells of a cathode type LiFeMgPO4. Of wethe will investigate the model, different battery methods to decide which approach pack voltage response when the VUT undergoes severe driving maneuvers. These models will contribute to the development of the batteries.
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