Abstract
Scorpion genus Phoniocercus Pocock, 1893 (Bothriuridae) is endemic to the cold humid forests of the southwestern part of South America. Up to now the known distribution of the genus was restricted to the Valdivian forests of southern Chile. In this contribution we present the first record from Argentina and the first records from central Chile. New data about their ecology and systematics are also presented.
Highlights
The arthropod fauna of the Temperate Zone rain forests of southern Chile and adjacent Argentina includes a large number of endemic species
The endemic bothriurid genera from the Valdivian cold humid forests of southern Chile are among the most basal of the family, and are most closely related to the Australian bothriurids (Prendini, 2000, 2003)
Three endemic genera of this family have been described from this forest habitat: Centromachetes Lönnberg, 1897, Phoniocercus Pocock, 1893, and Tehuankea Cekalovic, 1973 (Cekalovic, 1968, 1973; Lourenço, 2001)
Summary
The arthropod fauna of the Temperate Zone rain forests of southern Chile and adjacent Argentina includes a large number of endemic species This is because the area is isolated from the rest of the South American forest fauna: by the coastal and Atacama deserts to the north, the high Andes to the northeast, and by the Patagonian steppe to the east (Roig-Juñent & Flores, 2006; Roig-Juñent et al, 2007). This is the case for the scorpion fauna of the area, which mostly consists of endemic genera and species that all belong to the family Bothriuridae. There are present endemic species, and species groups, of the more widely distributed genera Bothriurus and Urophonius (San Martín & Cekalovic, 1968a; Cekalovic, 1981; Mattoni, 2002; Ojanguren-Affilastro et al, 2010, 2011)
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