Abstract
An innovative multi expression programming (MEP) approach is used to derive new predictive equations for tangent elastic modulus of normal strength concrete (NSC) and high strength concrete (HSC). Similar to several building codes, the modulus of elasticity of NSC and HSC is formulated in terms of concrete compressive strength. Furthermore, a generic model is developed for the estimation of the elastic modulus of both NSC and HSC. Comprehensive databases are gathered from the literature to develop the models. For more verification, a parametric analysis is carried out and discussed. The proposed formulas are found to be accurate for the prediction of the elastic modulus of NSC and HSC. The predictions made by the MEP-based models are more accurate than those obtained by the existing models.
Highlights
The elastic modulus of concrete is an important parameter in structural and material engineering
Gandomi et al New design equations for elastic modulus of concrete using multi expression programming pattern recognition methods. These techniques have been utilized for the prediction of the elastic modulus of normal and high strength concrete (NSC and HSC) (Demir 2005, 2008; Yan, Shi 2010; Aydin 2006; Ahmadi-Nedushan 2012)
The multi expression programming (MEP) approach is able to significantly outperform similar techniques (Oltean, Grosşan 2003)
Summary
The elastic modulus of concrete is an important parameter in structural and material engineering. The modulus of elasticity is widely used for the assessment of creep, shrinkage and crack control in reinforced and pre-stressed concrete (Mesbah et al 2002; Khan 1995; Gandomi et al 2010a) This parameter can be determined from the slope of a stress-strain curve depicting the results of tensile tests made on a sample of concrete. Gandomi et al New design equations for elastic modulus of concrete using multi expression programming pattern recognition methods. These techniques have been utilized for the prediction of the elastic modulus of normal and high strength concrete (NSC and HSC) (Demir 2005, 2008; Yan, Shi 2010; Aydin 2006; Ahmadi-Nedushan 2012). A comparative study is conducted between the results obtained by MEP and those obtained from the buildings codes (ACI-318-95 1996; NBS 2006; CEB-FIB 1993; BS-8110 1985; CSA-A23.3 1995; NS-3473 1992; TS-500 2000), compatibility aided (Wee et al 1994; Gardner, Zhao 1993), regression (Demir 2005), FL (Demir 2005), ANN (Demir 2008), and SVM (Yan, Shi 2010) models
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