Abstract
Hirschmanniella anchoryzae from Iran and Pratylenchus hippeastri from South Africa were recovered during a survey of plant-parasitic nematodes belonging to the family Pratylenchidae. Both species were studied using morphological and molecular techniques. Hirschmanniella anchoryzae is identified based on the flattened head, short stylet (19–22 µm), excretory pore position (anterior to pharyngo-intestinal junction), spicule length (27–30 µm), and existence of an axial mucro at the tail end. Phylogenetic analysis using 28S rDNA showed monophyly of Hirschmanniella which Iranian H. anchoryzae placed close to H. halophila (EU620464; EU620465). This result was supported by the principal component analysis of Hirschmanniella species. SEM observation of the South African population of P. hippeastri showed the presence of two annuli in the lip region. Morphometric characters resembled those of specimens earlier reported from South Africa. Hierarchal cluster using morphometrical criteria showed that the Floridian (USA) and South African populations form a group. However, the principal component analysis showed variation within this species. The molecular study of P. hippeastri populations using 18S, ITS, 28S rDNA, and COI of mtDNA showed that all P. hippeastri cluster in one group and confirmed the identification of the species using both morphological and molecular techniques. In addition, the results indicated that South African populations group close to the USA populations. Illustrations of both species including light and scanning electron microscopy observations for P. hippeastri are provided.
Highlights
The root-lesion nematodes belong to the family Pratylenchidae and cause severe damage on various crops and yield reduction (Perry and Moens, 2013)
In 2015, Hirschmanniella specimens were collected from the rhizosphere of Mentha aquatica in Royan (Mazandaran Province, Iran) and Pratylenchus specimens were collected from rhizosphere soil samples of Cape Willow trees (Salix mucronata) growing on the banks of the Mooiriver in Potchefstroom (North-West Province, South Africa) and extracted from soil using the Whitehead tray method (Whitehead and Hemmings, 1965)
In comparison with the H. anchoryzae reported previously from Iran (Pourjam et al, 2000), they differ in female body length (1,740–1,895 vs 1,580–1,680 μm) and spicule length (27–30 μm vs 39–40 μm)
Summary
The root-lesion nematodes belong to the family Pratylenchidae and cause severe damage on various crops and yield reduction (Perry and Moens, 2013). Hirschmanniella have been reported from Iran (Majd Taheri et al, 2013) Those species have been studied by morphological characters except for two unknowns which have been studied by morphological and molecular DNA barcoding using 28S rDNA (Majd Taheri et al, 2013). Pratylenchus hippeastri, the amaryllis lesion nematode, was first described by Inserra et al (2007) from roots of Hippeastrum sp. The main objectives of the present study were to (i) to identify the populations of Hischmanniella and P. hippeastri using morphology, morphometrics, and molecular DNA barcoding; (ii) to study of morphological variations among different P. hippeastri populations, and (iii) to determine the phylogenetic position of H. an choryzae from Iran using 28S rDNA and P. hippeastri from South Africa using rDNA and mtDNA genes
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
