Abstract
The karyotypes of 10 species from 9 genera of the family Tingidae (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Cimicomorpha) are described and illustrated for the first time. These species are: Agrammaatricapillum (Spinola, 1837), Catoplatuscarthusianus (Goeze, 1778), Dictylaplatyoma (Fieber, 1861), Lasiacanthahermani Vásárhelyi, 1977, Oncochilasimplex (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1830), Tingis (Neolasiotropis) pilosa Hummel, 1825, and T. (Tropidocheila) reticulata Herrich-Schaeffer, 1835, all with 2n = 12A + XY, as well as Acalyptamarginata (Wolff, 1804), Derephysia (Paraderephysia) longispina Golub, 1974, and Dictyonotastrichnocera Fieber, 1844, all with 2n = 12A + X(0). Moreover, genera Catoplatus Spinola, 1837, Derephysia Spinola, 1837, and Oncochila (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1830) were explored cytogenetically for the first time. Much as all other hitherto studied lace bugs, the species studied here have 12 autosomes but differ in their sex chromosome systems. The ribosomal clusters were localized on male meiotic cells of all ten species already mentioned and, additionally, in Acalyptacarinata Panzer, 1806 known to have 2n = 12A + X (Grozeva and Nokkala 2001) by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using a PCR amplified 18S rDNA fragment as a probe. In all cases, rDNA loci were located interstitially on a pair of autosomes. Furthermore, two species possessed some additional rDNA clusters. Thus, Acalyptamarginata showed clearly defined interstitial clusters on one more pair of autosomes, whereas Derephysialongispina had a terminal cluster on the X-chromosome. FISH performed with the telomeric (TTAGG)n probe did not reveal labelling in chromosomes of any species studied. Hence, the results obtained provide additional evidence for the karyotype conservatism, at least regarding the number of autosomes, for variation in chromosomal distribution of rDNA loci between species and for the lack of the ancestral insect telomeric sequence TTAGG in lace bugs. Preliminary taxonomic comments are made basing on some cytogenetic evidence.
Highlights
Tingidae are a relatively large family belonging to one of the evolutionarily advanced true bug infraorders Cimicomorpha
2n = 12A + X (Fig. 1a – fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)) This species was previously karyotyped by Grozeva and Nokkala (2001), and our observations corroborate with their data
We studied the standard karyotypes of 10 lace bug species belonging to 9 genera of the subfamily Tinginae
Summary
Tingidae (lace bugs) are a relatively large family belonging to one of the evolutionarily advanced true bug infraorders Cimicomorpha. The family comprises approximately 2600 species and more than 270 genera in the two currently recognized subfamilies, the Tinginae and the Cantacaderinae (Golub and Popov 2016). The currently available cytogenetic evidence is confined to the largest and most diverse subfamily Tinginae (Grozeva and Nokkala 2001, Golub et al 2015, 2016, 2017, for other references see Ueshima 1979). Based on the present knowledge, the subfamily exhibits karyotype conservatism, at least in terms of the number of autosomes which is 12 in all hitherto studied species. 38 species from 18 genera have been karyotyped and the great majority of these species, 34 in 16 genera, were shown to have 2n = 14 (12A + XY) in males
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