New data affects forestry-related impacts of global warming theories

Abstract

Correspondence Dear Editor I am writing to draw your readers’ attention to recently published findings that, in my opinion, will alter the way we think about “greenhouse gasses/global warming.” These findings may cause critical thinkers to question the effectiveness of “carbon-sequestration plantations” (aimed at altering atmospheric temperatures). Traditionally, the effect of having an atmosphere has been estimated to increase the Earth’s average temperature by 33 °C. However, Volokin and ReLlez (2014) provided mathematical and empirical evidence that the effect of nearly 1-bar atmosphere on Earth’s average temperature is around 90 °C. The authors showed that the 33 °C estimate referred to in virtually all meteorology/climate textbooks for the past 40 years has been a result of incorrect application of the Stefan-Boltzmann radiation law to a sphere. The study also demonstrates for the first time that the atmospheric thermal effect has a significant non-radiative component controlled by air pressure. Based on these findings, the contribution of greenhouse gasses to Earth’s fluctuating temperature will remain uncertain until the magnitude of the newly identified thermodynamic temperature enhancement is fully quantified by future research. In a subsequent paper, Volokin and ReLlez (2015) developed a new macro-level model using data from six celestial bodies in our solar system (i.e., Venus, Moon, Earth, Mars, Titan, and Triton). Amazingly, their model accurately predicts the mean global temperatures of rocky planets (with diverse atmospheres) using only two variables: top-of-the-atmosphere solar irradiance and total surface atmospheric pressure. According to the authors, “The new model displays characteristics of an emergent macro-level thermodynamic relationship heretofore unbeknown to science that deserves further investigation and possibly a theoretical interpretation.” The model fully explains the previously mentioned ~90 °C atmospheric effect as a function of atmospheric pressure and solar irradiance. The authors show that neither the concentration nor the partial pressure of greenhouse gasses can satisfactorily predict the observed variation of global planetary temperatures across the solar system. These new results indicate that the pressure of Earth’s atmosphere plays a key role in keeping the planet warm while accounting for virtually 100 % of the so-called natural greenhouse effect. This implies that the rising levels of “greenhouse gasses” may have little to no effect on future climate. The findings by Volokin and ReLlez (2014, 2015) may improve our understanding of the possible impact of afforestation on global temperature as follows: Some researchers say that a massive afforestation effort might warm the Earth by 0.1 °C (Davies-Barnard et al. 2014) while many foresters assume that removing 8.7 Gt of carbon from the atmosphere (by planting trees) would delay anthropogenic global warming by about one year. Although arriving at contradictory conclusions, both of these groups have assumed that carbon dioxide and other trace gasses, rather than atmospheric pressure, have warmed the Earth by about 33 °C. However, the findings of Volokin and ReLlez (2014, 2015) cause us to question: (1) the theoretical foundation of the “greenhouse” theory itself; and (2) the belief that large-scale carbon sequestration can alter the global mean temperature. Readers should be aware that atmospheric science is not set in stone; there is plenty of room for the evolution of our understanding on this complex topic. The above scientific breakthrough is not to say that we as foresters do not have a stewardship responsibility for protecting forests and establishing tree plantations. However, our reason for tree planting should no longer rest on the belief that greenhouse gas emissions will cause catastrophic global warming. David South is Emeritus Professor, Auburn University.