Abstract
Recently, due to their cost, accuracy, and integrability of conventional current-mode (CM) on-chip integrated filters working in radio frequency region, frequency-agile filters (FAFs) have started taking great interest in multi-standard transceivers, encrypted communication, cognitive radio, software defined radio structures, and global positioning system applications. By following the most recent trend in the literature, this paper proposes the first class 1 CM FAF using high-performance analog building block so-called positive-type electronically controllable second-generation current conveyor (ECCII+), two resistors, and two grounded capacitors. The theory and the proposed 2nd-order CM FAF are supported by both regular and post-layout simulations performed using CADENCE Spectre tool with TSMC 0.18 µm level-49 CMOS technology process BSIM3v3 parameters. Furthermore, corner and Monte-Carlo analyses are given to prove the accuracy of centre frequency of the CM FAF. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eee.21.5.13323
Highlights
Tunable filters play important role in several industrial applications
To verify the theoretical study, the behaviour of the ECCII+ and the new CM 2nd-order band-pass class 1 frequency-agile filters (FAFs) shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 have been verified in CADENCE Spectre design environment with dc power supply voltages equal to AVDD = –AVSS = 0.9 V and bias currents IA = 37 A, IB = 20 A, and IC = 10 A
Transistors were modelled by the TSMC 0.18 μm level-49 CMOS technology process BSIM3v3 parameters
Summary
Tunable filters play important role in several industrial applications. The centre frequency of tunable filters is changed to compensate the drifts (thermal, technological, etc.) [1]. If the variation of centre frequency is expected to be carried out over a very wide frequency range, reconfigurable filters can be used for compensation. Introduced frequency-agile filters (FAFs) by Fabre et al are special type of reconfigurable filters that have property for agility, i.e. during the transmission of the signal in order not to disturb the signal processing the hop between two consecutive frequencies are able to be carried out very quickly [2]‒[4].
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