Abstract
This article proposes a new control paradigm for the seamless operation of a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) based wind energy conversion system (WECS) in both islanded and grid-connected modes. Conventionally, grid-connected WECS are controlled to extract the maximum power from the wind, known as maximum power point tracking (MPPT). However, in islanded operation, the objective is to control the power generated from the WECS to match the load demand, which here is called load following power generation (LFPG). This article proposes a power management system (PMS) which integrates the MPPT and LFPG capabilities of the WECS into a single-control paradigm. This enables the WECS to seamlessly achieve MPPT in grid operation, LFPG in islanded mode and low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) during fault. The proposed scheme is validated using MATLAB/SIMULINK simulations.
Highlights
The increasing energy demands, depletion of fossil fuel reserves, and global warming have accelerated the implementation of renewable energy sources (RESs)-based distributed generators (DGs)
When DG units are operating in grid-connected mode, a synchronism mechanism, usually a phase-locked loop (PLL), is implemented to keep the DG units synchronised with the grid
This paper proposes a single-control paradigm for permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)-based wind energy conversion system (WECS) that enables (1) seamless transition from grid-connected to islanded operation; (2) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and load following power generation (LFPG) in gridconnected and islanded modes, respectively, (3) low-voltage ridethrough (LVRT) capability during faults
Summary
The increasing energy demands, depletion of fossil fuel reserves, and global warming have accelerated the implementation of renewable energy sources (RESs)-based distributed generators (DGs). DG units designed for islanded operation are usually termed as grid-forming units; this is because they are equipped with control structures which enable regulation of the local voltage and frequency within stipulated standards. In this mode of operation, the power generated by the DG must match the load demand to maintain stable operating conditions [3, 4]. This paper proposes a single-control paradigm for permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)-based WECS that enables (1) seamless transition from grid-connected to islanded operation (and vice versa); (2) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and load following power generation (LFPG) in gridconnected and islanded modes, respectively, (3) low-voltage ridethrough (LVRT) capability during faults.
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