New concepts in the design of drug-eluting coronary stents

Abstract

Drug-eluting stents (DES) have revolutionized the practice of interventional cardiology over the past decade. Although their efficacy has never been called into question, concerns have been raised regarding their safety, particularly with respect to very late stent thrombosis. These valid concerns have prompted extensive research into improving stent safety, with particular interest in modifying the permanent polymer used on first-generation DES. Subsequently, various new types of coronary stent have been developed, including DES with biocompatible polymers, DES with biodegradable polymers, polymer-free DES, and completely bioresorbable scaffolds. Some of these new DES are already available in clinical practice, and others are currently undergoing clinical evaluation. Improvements in stent performance have made detecting statistically robust and clinically relevant differences between contemporary devices difficult. The wide array of available stents enables the choice of device to be tailored to the individual patient.