Abstract
Benzimidazolium salts and their Pyridine Enhanced Precatalyst Preparation Stabilization and Initiation (PEPPSI) palladium N-heterocyclic carbene (Pd-NHC) based complexes have been synthesized and their structures characterized with a number of different instrumental techniques including NMR (1H and 13C), IR, EI-MS (for 2), X-ray (for 1, 2 and 4) and elemental analysis. The cytotoxicity of all the compounds was tested using the human embryonic kidney (HEK-293T), human breast epithelial adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-231), and human colon epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma (DLD-1) cell lines. The benzimidazolium salts (2–5) had more cytotoxic activity against cancerous cells compared with the metal complexes (6–9), which curiously exhibited no activity against any of the cell lines. Based on the IC50 values, compound 5 displayed the highest in vitro anticancer activity among compounds 2–9.
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