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Abstract
AbstractMicrometer-sized silica spheres coated with a layer of Cr(VI) imprinted methylimidazolium ionic liquid were synthesized and applied for fast and selective determination of leachable Cr(VI) in fabrics. The silica cores were synthesized via original seeded growth procedure. Formation of ionic liquid layer onto their surface was simultaneously combined with CrO42− imprinting. The sorbent characterization was accomplished by SEM/ EDS, elemental microanalysis, and thermogravimetry. Excellent separation of Cr(VI) from Cr(III) was achieved at pH 3 for 10 minutes in a batch mode. A mixture of ascorbic and nitric acids was found to be the most efficient eluent. The adsorption equilibrium data were best represented by the Langmuir isotherm model. The sorbent was applied for quantification of Cr(VI) in textile extracts in accordance with international standard ISO105-E04. The analytical procedure developed (LOD 0.015 μg/g (measured by ETAAS), RSD 3−8% for concentration levels of Cr(VI) 0.015-0.5 μg/g) completely meets the requirements of the international textile regulations.
Highlights
Chromium is a chemical element that can naturally exist under various forms but its predominantly occurring oxidation states are Cr(III) and Cr(VI)
Ionic liquids have been successfully applied in speciation analysis of trace elements as effective solvents for liquid-liquid extraction procedures [19,20], as well as layer coatings supported on appropriate carriers, e.g. chitosan [21], polyvinyl chloride [22], silica coated magnetic nanoparticles [23]
The synthesized composite material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis, elemental microanalysis, N2 adsorption–desorption isotherm measurements and thermogravimetry
Summary
Chromium is a chemical element that can naturally exist under various forms but its predominantly occurring oxidation states are Cr(III) and Cr(VI). Ionic liquids have been successfully applied in speciation analysis of trace elements as effective solvents for liquid-liquid extraction procedures [19,20], as well as layer coatings supported on appropriate carriers, e.g. chitosan [21], polyvinyl chloride [22], silica coated magnetic nanoparticles [23]. Effective “green” sorbents for Cr(VI) separation and enrichment have been recently introduced based on ionic liquids with high separation efficiency and selectivity supported on silica gel with high surface area, chemical activity and mechanical stability [24−29]. The present work is focused on the synthesis of a versatile sorbent material for separation and determination of extractable Cr(VI) in textile samples. The optimal extraction conditions for selective separation of Cr(VI) were defined and analytical procedure for Cr(VI) determination in textiles according to the ISO105-E04 was developed and applied for different types of fabrics
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