New classification of foaming agents for fire extinguishing

Evgeniy Degaev,A Mottaeva,B Melović

doi:10.1051/matecconf/201819302032

Evgeniy Degaev, A Mottaeva + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819302032

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Abstract

Extinguishing fires of petroleum products during emergency spill at industrial facilities of capital construction, transport, gas stations and the destruction of oil tanks is most effective when using foamers. Classification of foaming agents intended for extinguishing of fires of oil products, which is based on the structure of spreading coefficient of water foam-forming solution over hydrocarbon surface is presented. Results of experimental studies using various foaming agents with different structure of spreading coefficient are given. It is determined which of homologs of a number of sodium primary alkylsulfates differ in foaming capacity and fire extinguishing efficiency. It is revealed that decrease of interfacial tension value leads to reduction of extinguishing time of a heptane flame.

Highlights

Due to the high fire danger for oil-storage tank farms topical theme is the development of new tools and ways of petroleum products fire suppression
The regulatory documents state the requirement for a working solution of a foaming agent, on the basis of which a foam is obtained, in terms of interracial tension – no more than 17.3 mN/m and interfacial – not less than 2.5 mN/m, while it is expected that spreading of the aqueous solution on heptane coefficient should not fall below 0.3 mN/m
There is no analysis of the impact of the components in scientific literature that define the spreading of the aqueous solution on heptane coefficient per extinguishing efficiency of low expansion foam, as well as the effect of the foam expansion, altitude of its fall and the way foam is supplied into the tank base on the extinguishing efficiency

Summary

Introduction

Due to the high fire danger for oil-storage tank farms topical theme is the development of new tools and ways of petroleum products fire suppression. To prevent foam from mixing with petroleum products, when falling from a high altitude, directly on the burning surface, foaming agents are used, which aqueous solutions have a low interracial tension. The regulatory documents state the requirement for a working solution of a foaming agent, on the basis of which a foam is obtained, in terms of interracial tension – no more than 17.3 mN/m and interfacial – not less than 2.5 mN/m, while it is expected that spreading of the aqueous solution on heptane coefficient should not fall below 0.3 mN/m. The most obvious factor that ensures the extinguishing efficiency of the foam is the surface activity of the aqueous solution at the junction with the oil product There is no analysis of the impact of the components in scientific literature that define the spreading of the aqueous solution on heptane coefficient per extinguishing efficiency of low expansion foam, as well as the effect of the foam expansion, altitude of its fall and the way foam is supplied into the tank base on the extinguishing efficiency.

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