Abstract
Azoisobutyronitrile-initiated cycloterpolymerization of [(diallylamino)propyl]phosphonic acid hydrochloride (90 mol %), cross-linker 1,1,4,4-tetraallylpiperazinium dichloride (10 mol %), and SO2 (100 mol %) afforded a new pH-responsive cross-linked polyzwitterionic acid which, upon alkaline treatment, was transformed to a cross-linked dianionic polyelectrolyte (CDAPE). Chelating ion-exchange resin CDAPE was tested for the uptake of Pb2+ and Cu2+ ions; the adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order kinetics with respective Ea values of 13.4 and 13.8 kJ mol–1. The adsorption data fitted well to the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin as well as Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models. The maximum uptakes of Pb2+ and Cu2+ were determined to be 3.83 and 10.1 mmol g–1, respectively. The scanning electron microscopy images and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis confirmed that the CDAPE adsorbed the metal ions on the surface as well as throughout the polymer. The negative ΔG° and positive ΔH° ensured t...
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