New characteristics of neurophysiological changes in neurocognitive disorders in HIV-infected patients in Uzbekistan

Abstract

We aim to study the features of electroencephalographic indices taking into account Р300 in the formation of early neurocognitive disorders. EEG registration was provided out in 20 patients (11 women and 9 men) at rest and with functional tests, the cognitive evoked potentials of the brain P300 upon presentation of visual and auditory stimuli, measured the time of complex sensory-motor responses upon presentation of visual and auditory stimuli, were recorded visual evoked potentials during pattern stimulation. The average age of patients was 35.2 ± 8.8 years. The number of CD4 lymphocytes in blood plasma ranged from 230 to 859 cells / μl, the average was 451 ± 55 cells/μl. Of the 18 patients in whom local changes on the EEG were recorded, involvement of the temporal areas was noted in 94% of cases, the frontal-central areas - in 66% of cases, parietal-occipital - in 50% of cases. When registering visual evoked potentials in 75% of cases, an increase in the latent period of the P300 component was observed on average from 10 to 30% with a decrease in the amplitude of the P300 component and signs of desynchronization of excitation in the visual cortex. For men, the average latent period of P100 was 117.9 ± 7.7 ms, for women - 111.2 ± 7.0 ms (normative data: 102.3 ± 3.2 ms). The obtained results indicate that the presence of diffuse changes, which were characterized mainly by local irritative and epileptiform changes, can serve as electrophysiological criteria for HIV infection.