Abstract
This paper as an author contribution introduces the implementation of the new aspects in the modernization of the ships Radio Direction Finders (RDF) and their modern principles and applications for shipborne and coastal navigation surveillance systems. The origin RDF receivers with the antenna installed onboard ships or aircraft were designed to identify radio sources that provide bearing the Direction Finding (DF) signals. The radio DF system or sometimes simply known as the DF technique is de facto a basic principle of measuring the direction of signals for determination of the ship's position. The position of a particular ship in coastal navigation can be obtained by two or more measurements of certain radio sources received from different unspecified locations of transmitters on the coast. In the past, the RDF devices were widely used as a radio navigation system for aircraft, vehicles, and ships in particular. However, the newly developed RDF devices can be used today as an alternative to the Radio – Automatic Identification System (R-AIS), Satellite – Automatic Identification System (S-AIS), Long Range Identification and Tracking (LRIT), radars, GNSS receivers, and another current tracking and positioning systems of ships. The development of a modern shipborne RDF for new positioning and surveillance applications, such as Search and Rescue (SAR), Man over board (MOB), ships navigation and collision avoidance, offshore applications, detection of research buoys and for costal vessels traffic control and management is described in this paper.
Highlights
The idea for the development of Radio Direction Finding (RDF) was born, when in 1888 German inventor Heinrich Rudolf Hertz discovered the directional property of radio waves and when in 1889, the inventor of the radio Russian physics professor Alexander Stepanovich Popov carried out practical experiments according to Hertz's research successfully demonstrated the transmission of EM waves via a radio link
This study reports on a solution to this that involves the aid of a modern Radio Direction Finders (RDF) and other radio and satellite systems to provide some more reliable solutions for ships collision avoidance and tracking systems
This study reports on a solution to this that involves the aid of a radio direction finder and other radio and satellite systems to provide some more reliable solutions for ships collision avoidance and tracking systems
Summary
The idea for the development of Radio Direction Finding (RDF) was born, when in 1888 German inventor Heinrich Rudolf Hertz discovered the directional property of radio waves and when in 1889, the inventor of the radio Russian physics professor Alexander Stepanovich Popov carried out practical experiments according to Hertz's research successfully demonstrated the transmission of EM waves via a radio link. Determine the direction using a combination of two cross or loop antennas with movable coils Excluding this invention, DF devices with a rotating loop were used very often during the First World War (WW1). The famous British engineer Frank Adcock invented and antenna array with four equivalent vertical elements for transmitting and receiving directional radio waves. This DF enhanced the accuracy of the DF in relation to sky waves in the shortwave area, and in 1931 Adcock antennas were deployed in Germany and Great Britain. Since 1943, the first dedicated DF devices have been used for special "radar observations" operating at 3000 MHz. Later, during the Second World War (WW2), the 3-channel cross-loops Watson-Watt DF devices for detecting German short-range submarines (huff-duff ) were mounted onboard ships of the British Navy. A significant outcome of this innovation was broadband DF technology, which was able to provide search and DF technique founded on digital filter banking theory, tipically using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) (R&S, 2015; Ilcev, 2010; Ilcev, 2017; Skorik, 2014)
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