Abstract
The tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (formerly Boophilus microplus) is the major ectoparasite affecting livestock in America, Asia, Africa, and Oceania. Conventional tick control is based on the use of acaricides but immunization of bovines with tick gut proteins induces only a partial protective immune response. Based on this information, distinct research groups have explored the possibility of protecting the animals by inducing an immune response against other tick proteins. However, the antigens so far described do not induce the necessary protection for suppressing the use of acaricides. Currently, several groups are engaged in identifying new tick proteins to be used as targets for the development of new vaccines. This approach focuses on the enhancement of the immunogenicity of antigens already tested by incorporating new adjuvants or formulations and by searching for new antigens. This paper reviews the work done by Brazilian researchers to develop a vaccine against this tick.
Highlights
The tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (MURRELL et al, 2003) is a blood-sucking parasite that transmits Babesia spp. and Anaplasma spp. to cattle (CAFRUNE et al, 1995)
Conventional tick control is based on the use of acaricides but immunization of bovines with tick gut proteins induces only a partial protective immune response
The analyses indicated that the SBm7462 gene is conserved in South American tick populations
Summary
The tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (formerly Boophilus microplus) (MURRELL et al, 2003) is a blood-sucking parasite that transmits Babesia spp. and Anaplasma spp. to cattle (CAFRUNE et al, 1995). This new antigen was efficient to protect bovines from infestations by ticks from Argentina and Cuba (GARCIA-GARCIA et al, 2000) Another strategy employed to induce an immune response against Bm86 was the use of DNA vaccines containing the Bm86 gene. In order to provide conditions to support the development of new control strategies, the researcher is faced with the primary need to understand host-parasite interaction Challenges associated with this objective include the understanding of tick physiology and bovine immunology. Various research groups are engaged in trying to identify new tick proteins as targets for the development of new vaccines, and devote their efforts to the enhancement of immunogenicity of antigens already tested, by incorporating new adjuvants or formulations into the original research (IMAMURA et al, 2007)
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