Abstract
In recent years, new data have been obtained confirming the role of inflammation as the leading pathogenetic mechanism for the development of atherosclerosis and its complications. In addition, atherosclerosis is considered in the spectrum of atypical autoinflammatory diseases.
 The aim of the paper is to highlight the role of inflammation in the development and progression of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases as well as to identify new therapeutic targets for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
 The search has been performed in the PubMed, e-library, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov databases, using the keywords: inflammation, NLRP3 inflammasome, TNF-, IL-1 blocker, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease. As a result, 210 references have obtained; the results of 15 clinical studies have been selected for the final analysis as well as 15 papers containing the results of original studies with access to the full text articles in Russian or English.
 The analysis of literature sources revealed that inflammation plays a crucial role in the development of cardiovascular diseases, and modern anti-inflammatory therapy is a promising, pathogenetically justified strategy for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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