Abstract
Retinoblastoma is the most frequently occurring malignant intraocular tumor of childhood, presenting in 1 in 20,000 live births, with an overall survival rate of 84% to 95%. 64,67,77 Management of retinoblastoma has changed significantly in recent years. The major goals of treatment are primarily to save the patient's life, and secondarily to salvage the eye and vision if possible. Current treatment modalities include enucleation, external beam radiotherapy, plaque radiotherapy, laser photoablation, thermotherapy, cryotherapy, chemotherapy, and combinations of these. The choice of treatment depends on the size, location, and extent of the tumor; whether the disease is unilateral or bilateral; the visual potential of the involved eyes; and whether evidence exists for extraocular or metastatic disease. These treatment options are discussed in detail with an emphasis on newer approaches.
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