Abstract
This study was conducted using alginate-rhamnolipid (Alg-Rh) solutions on copper ions (Cu2+) as an application of coagulation with aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3). The results show that solid phases were rapidly formed as an output of the reaction between Alg-Rh and Al2(SO4)3. It could be considered that the Al2(SO4)3 concentration and the existence of Cu2+ have an impact on forming hard coagulation, in that the total volume has been increased with increasing Al2(SO4)3 and the existence of Cu2+. The number of ions of aluminum (Al3+) and sulfate (SO42−) were also increased with Al2(SO4)3. The efficiency of Cu2+ removal was constant above 75.0%, hence the average value was 76.8%.
Highlights
Water is one of the most important resources in the world
The pollution by heavy metals has been increasing with the development of industry, and it has already been proved that a high concentration of heavy metals has a dangerous impact on living organisms and the environment as hazardous materials [8,9,10]
We studied Alg-Rh solutions reacting with Al2(SO4)3 to remove Cu2+ by coagulation
Summary
Water is one of the most important resources in the world. It is already known that 71% of the. Alginate has been mainly used to form a capsulated medicine as a raw material to be connected with divalent ions for its special property [16] This novel property makes it possible for various applications such as coagulation to remove heavy metals [17]. Water 2020, 12, 3406 and have relatively long chains [22,23] Their combined properties and longer molecular chain would be expected to improve the efficiency of solid/liquid separation and heavy metal removal. In view of the above, Alg-Rh complexes would form a longer chain than a simple alginate or rhamnolipid molecule This molecular structure can coagulate with heavy metals as a long polymer by connecting together. The water removing heavy metals would be investigated for characterization as a preliminary study
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