Abstract
The present work demonstrates a valuable approach to developing quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor units inexpensively for reliable determination of analytes. This QCM sensor unit is constructed by inkjet printing equipment utilizing background noise removal techniques. Inkjet printing equipment was chosen as an alternative to an injection pump in conventional flow-mode systems to facilitate the commercial applicability of these practical devices. The results demonstrate minimization of fluctuations from external influences, determination of antigen-antibody interactions in an inkjet deposition, and quantification of C-reactive protein in the range of 50–1000 ng(x000B7)mL−1. We thus demonstrate a marketable application of an inexpensive and easily available QCM sensor system.
Highlights
The quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) is a versatile device in the field of physical, chemical, and biological sensors [1]
Due to the higher sensitivity and lower detection limits of QCM sensors compared to traditional methods, many advances based on QCM sensors have been implemented, including chemical sensors based on RFID-Tags [2], sensors imprinted with yeast cells [3], direct-detection sensor systems in complex liquids [4], stable-detection enabling systems in continuous air flow [5], sensor devices using QCM-D [6], and practical prototype equipment combining amperometric measurements [7]
This paper describes the development of a QCM sensor utilizing a piezoelectric inkjet printing technique to minimize fluctuations from external influences, facilitating an available batch-type QCM sensor system
Summary
The quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) is a versatile device in the field of physical, chemical, and biological sensors [1]. The dispersion of the QCM frequency change per shot could be monitored and different concentrations of antibodies could be detected in an effective and highly reproducible manner This proposed technique provided significantly decreased background noise caused by external sources such as air flow and temperature fluctuations, and allowed accurate determination of antibodies at a constant temperature. Inkjet deposition can be performed in picoliter quantities in a single process with drop-on-demand (DOD) control Based on this experience and knowledge, in this study we investigated intermolecular recognition in real-time using a batch-type QCM sensor system, which consists of only commercially available devices. The method is based on the detection of a given change in the frequency generated by releasing nonspecific binding compounds from the QCM sensor surface right after an inkjet deposition of the surfactant aqueous solution. This paper describes the development of a QCM sensor utilizing a piezoelectric inkjet printing technique to minimize fluctuations from external influences, facilitating an available batch-type QCM sensor system
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