Abstract
The structure of an equilibrium, axially symmetric electron beam propagating in a plasma medium is studied in the framework of the relativistic Vlasov equations and the Maxwell equations. Instead of the usually adopted assumption that the neutralization fraction is independent of radial position, the more physical requirement that the energy of the electromagnetic fields produced by the particles takes its minimum value is proposed. The condition for the electron beam and plasma medium to be in equilibrium is expressed by a well-defined relation among the temperatures, the mean velocities and the neutralization fraction, and the Bennett distribution is obtained.
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