Abstract
Phytochemical investigation on the fruits of Gleditsia aquatica resulted in the isolation and identification of two new bisdesmosidic triterpenoidal saponins, aquaticasaponin A (1) and aquaticasaponin B (2) acylated with two and one monoterpenic acids, respectively, and one known cytokinin, aquaticine C (3). The structural elucidation of isolated metabolites was established on the basis of 1D, 2D NMR, and MS spectral analyses. The antimicrobial activity of the isolated compounds [1–3] was evaluated. Compound 1 exhibited the highest degree of activity against Syncephalastrum racemosum with an MIC value of 9.2 μM, whereas compound 2 exhibited the highest degree of activity against Escherichia coli with an MIC value of 67.3 μM. The isolated compounds also exhibited good cytotoxic activity against human breast cancer (MCF-7) and human colon cancer (HCT-116) cell lines with values of IC50 from 0.5 to 1.0 μM. Compound 1 was found to be the most active against colon cancer HCT-116 cell line with IC50 value of 0.5 μM.
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