New and described species of Skrjabinoclava Sobolev, 1943 (Nematoda: Acuarioidea) of the proventriculus of nearctic waders (Aves: Charadriiformes) with a review of the genus and a key to species

Abstract

Nine new species of Skrjabinoclava Sobolev, 1943 are described from the proventriculus of waders (Charadriiformes) in North and South America, and one species (S. tupacincai Freitas and Ibanez, 1970) is redescribed. The nine new species are as follows: (1) Skrjabinoclava hartwichi n.sp. from Arenaria melanocephala; (2) Skrjabinoclava kritscheri n.sp. from Limosa fedoa; (3) Skrjabinoclava bakeri n.sp. from Calidris mauri (type host), C. alba, C. alpina, C. minutilla, C. pusilla, Catoptrophorus semipalmatus, and Limnodromus sp.; (4) Skrjabinoclava morrisoni n.sp. from Calidris pusilla; (5) Skrjabinoclava inornatae n.sp. from Catoptrophorus semipalmatus inornatus; (6) Skrjabinoclava wilsoniae n.sp. from Charadrius wilsonia wilsonia; (7) Skrjabinoclava scmipalmatae n.sp. from Charadrius semipalmatus; (8) Skrjabinoclava pusillae n.sp. from Calidris pusilla; and (9) Skrjabinoclava mycrsi n.sp. from Calidris alba (type host) and C. alpina. Reliable specific characters were noted in the morphology of spicules which make possible the identification of many species. The species of Skrjabinoclava in European waders need to be investigated and in particular the morphology of S. horrida, the type of the genus, needs to be clarified. Taxonomic notes are provided on 13 other previously described species, i.e., S. horrida (Rudolphi, 1809), S. aculeata (Creplin, 1825), S. decorata (Solonitzin, 1928), S. cincli (Yamaguti, 1935), S. solonitzini Sobolev, 1943, S. longifuniculata Sobolev, 1952, S. halcyoni Ryzhikov and Kokhlova, 1964, S. alii Ali, 1968, S. brevispicula Bondarenko and Daiya, 1971, S. amaurornae Schmidt and Kuntz, 1972, S. rallae Schmidt and Kuntz, 1972, S. venusta (Schmidt and Kuntz, 1972), and S. thapari Freitas, 1953. All species so far recorded in the genus occur in the proventriculus of birds, mainly waders, except S. thapari which has been reported in the stomach of Procyon cancrivorus.