Abstract
This paper discovered a new concept that the unit balance and particle balance are not equivalent. Based on the research of tensile of uniform section bar, it indicated that the normal stress <img width="17" height="20" src="http://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/journal/229/2291258/image001.png" /> and shear stress <img width="16" height="20" src="http://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/journal/229/2291258/image002.png" /> on oblique section can only make sure partly body balance while not every particles. The value of <img width="17" height="20" src="http://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/journal/229/2291258/image001.png" /> and <img width="16" height="20" src="http://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/journal/229/2291258/image002.png" /> is less than the equilibrium stress of particles. Besides, the particle balance stress is <img width="19" height="20" src="http://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/journal/229/2291258/image003.png" /> times of the unit balance stress in the state of pure extension. The extreme stress is not the principal stress of cell body but the balance stress of particle. Using this formula, the problem existed for 350 years that the stretch-shear act on a bar is easer destroyed relate to the compress-shear acted can be explained perfectly. What’s more, this theory has also been validated in the Damage Mechanics National Key Laboratory of Tsinghua University. The error between this theory and actual is only 1%, while based on three and fourth strength theory, the errors are 14.2%, 18.2% respectively. It’s also the root cause of large bridge collapse.
Highlights
Straight rod tension [1] as shown in figure 1 (a) shows, as is known to all, Rod any dot are subject to equal and direction opposite to the tensile stress state of equilibrium, and the current theory of elasticity will make in the bar particle can't be in equilibrium
This shows that pure shear stress state, the formula (8) values of stress can't keep its balance of any particle
The above two type, it is known that a point is in not equilibrium state, not on its particle balance stress
Summary
Pure Shear Stress State on the Inclined Plane Stress Is not Particle Balance Stress. Description on the diagonal ac each point are subject to tensile stress, the diagonal bd each pointson by pressure stress. Research in figure 2 a point of balance, acting on a point there are three stress: τ、τ, and. Static equilibrium equation can be directly with stress and not force representation, namely. This shows that pure shear stress state, the formula (8) values of stress can't keep its balance of any particle. That is not to maintain the balance of particle balance stress
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