Abstract
BackgroundVaspin and omentin are recently described molecules that belong to the adipokine family and seem to be related to metabolic risk factors. The objectives of this study were twofold: to evaluate vaspin and omentin circulating levels and mRNA expression in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues in non-diabetic morbidly obese women; and to assess the relationship of vaspin and omentin with anthropometric and metabolic parameters, and other adipo/cytokines.DesignWe analysed vaspin and omentin circulating levels in 71 women of European descent (40 morbidly obese [BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2] and 31 lean [BMI ≤ 25]). We assessed vaspin and omentin gene expression in paired samples of visceral and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue from 46 women: 40 morbidly obese and 6 lean. We determined serum vaspin and plasma omentin levels with an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and adipose tissue mRNA expression by real time RT-PCR.ResultsSerum vaspin levels in the morbidly obese were not significantly different from those in controls. They correlated inversely with levels of lipocalin 2 and interleukin 6. Vaspin mRNA expression was significantly higher in the morbidly obese, in both subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue.Plasma omentin levels were significantly lower in the morbidly obese and they correlated inversely with glucidic metabolism parameters. Omentin circulating levels, then, correlated inversely with the metabolic syndrome (MS). Omentin expression in visceral adipose tissue was significantly lower in morbidly obese women than in controls.ConclusionsThe present study indicates that vaspin may have a compensatory role in the underlying inflammation of obesity. Decreased omentin circulating levels have a close association with MS in morbidly obese women.
Highlights
Vaspin and omentin are recently described molecules that belong to the adipokine family and seem to be related to metabolic risk factors
Omentin expression in visceral adipose tissue was significantly lower in morbidly obese women than in controls
The present study indicates that vaspin may have a compensatory role in the underlying inflammation of obesity
Summary
Vaspin and omentin are recently described molecules that belong to the adipokine family and seem to be related to metabolic risk factors. The objectives of this study were twofold: to evaluate vaspin and omentin circulating levels and mRNA expression in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues in non-diabetic morbidly obese women; and to assess the relationship of vaspin and omentin with anthropometric and metabolic parameters, and other adipo/cytokines. Increased abdominal visceral fat is associated with insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and coronary heart disease [1]. Vaspin (visceral adipose tissue-derived serine protease inhibitor) was identified as a member of the serine protease inhibitor family. Vaspin cDNA was isolated from visceral white adipose tissues (WAT) of Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats, an animal model of abdominal obesity with type 2 diabetes [12]. Vaspin is highly expressed in rat adipocytes from visceral WAT at the age when obesity and insulin plasma concentrations reach a peak [13]. In humans the effect of vaspin on insulin sensitivity is uncertain and the correlation between vaspin and body mass index (BMI) is unclear [14,15]
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