New additive solutions for the storage of platelets

Abstract

In one of the first studies published on platelet storage media, the storage of platelets in a modified Tyrodes medium was evaluated [ [1] Rock G. Swenson S.D. Adams G.A. Platelet storage in a plasma-free medium. Transfusion. 1985; 25: 551-556 Crossref PubMed Scopus (79) Google Scholar ]. Since the first reports in the 1980s, there has been an increasing interest in using platelet additive solutions (PAS) for the storage of platelet concentrates (PC) 2 Adams G.A. Rock G. Storage of human platelet concentrates in an artificial medium without dextrose. Transfusion. 1988; 28: 217-220 Crossref PubMed Scopus (52) Google Scholar , 3 Holme S. Effect of additive solutions on platelet biochemistry. Blood Cells. 1992; 18: 421-430 PubMed Google Scholar , 4 Murphy S. The efficacy of synthetic media in the storage of human platelets for transfusion. Transfus Med Rev. 1999; 13: 153-163 Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (58) Google Scholar , 5 Gulliksson H. Additive solutions for the storage of platelets for transfusion. Transfus Med. 2000; 10: 257-264 Crossref PubMed Scopus (65) Google Scholar , 6 Gulliksson H. Defining the optimal storage conditions for the long-term storage of platelets. Transfus Med Rev. 2003; 17: 209-215 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (97) Google Scholar . PAS is used as a substitute for plasma in order to: (1) avoid transfusion of large volumes of plasma with possible adverse reactions and circulatory overload, (2) improve storage conditions while maintaining the viability and haemostatic function at a high level, and (3) recover additional plasma for other purposes, primarily fractionation. The effects on platelet metabolism and function associated with different components in PAS are only partly known. However, a number of effects have been observed that can be assigned to specific ingredients in PAS. The composition of some PAS is listed below. The pH level in PAS is generally in the range 7.0–7.2. Tabled 1Composition of some platelet additive solutions (in mM) Plasma Lyte A (Adams and Rock [2] Adams G.A. Rock G. Storage of human platelet concentrates in an artificial medium without dextrose. Transfusion. 1988; 28: 217-220 Crossref PubMed Scopus (52) Google Scholar ) PAS-II (T-Sol) (Gulliksson [16] Gulliksson H. Storage of platelets in additive solutions: the effect of citrate and acetate in in vitro studies. Transfusion. 1993; 33: 301-303 Crossref PubMed Scopus (55) Google Scholar ) PAS-III (Lin et al. [20] Lin L. Cook D.N. Wiesehahn G.P. Alfonso R. Behrman B. Cimino G.D. et al. Photochemical inactivation of viruses and bacteria in platelet concentrates by use of a novel psoralen and long-wavelength ultraviolet light. Transfusion. 1997; 37: 423-435 Crossref PubMed Scopus (298) Google Scholar ) Composol (van der Meer et al. [26] van der Meer P.F. Pietersz R.N. Reesink H.W. Comparison of two platelet additive solutions. Transfus Med. 2001; 11: 193-197 Crossref PubMed Scopus (22) Google Scholar ) PAS-IIIM (Gulliksson et al. 21 Gulliksson H. AuBuchon J.P. Vesterinen M. Sandgren P.S. Larsson P. Pickard C.A. et al. Storage of platelets in additive solutions: a pilot study of the effects of potassium and magnesium. In vitro studies. Vox Sang. 2002; 82: 131-136 Crossref PubMed Scopus (74) Google Scholar , 22 Gulliksson H. AuBuchon J.P. Cardigan R. van der Meer P.F. Murphy S. Prowse C. The Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion Working Party of the International Society of Blood Transfusion et al. Storage of platelets in additive solutions: a multicentre study of the in vitro effects of potassium and magnesium. Vox Sang. 2003; 85: 199-205 Crossref PubMed Scopus (76) Google Scholar ) NaCl 90 116 77 90 69 KCl 5 – – 5 5 MgCl2 3 – – 1.5 1.5 Na3-citrate – 10 11 11 10 NaH2PO4/Na2HPO4 – – 28 – 26 Na-acetate 27 30 33 27 30 Na-gluconate 23 – – 23 – Open table in a new tab