Abstract
The present study was carried out in an attempt to synthesize, under classical and microwave irradiation conditions, a new class of cytotoxic 1,2,3-triazole linked flavonols hybrids by Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) to afford, in good yields (78-93%), 24 compounds 1′a-i, 2′a-h and 3′a-g, using three previously synthesized highly cytotoxic poly-halogenated flavonoids 1-3. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were established by 1H NMR, Jmod and ESI-HRMS. The prepared cycloadduct linked flavonols were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against the human cell lines HCT-116 (Human colon carcinoma), MCF-7 (Human breast carcinoma) and OVCAR-3 (human ovarian carcinoma). The results showed that the cycloadducts 1′f, 1′g and 2′h against HCT-116 and 1′c, 2′g against OVCAR-3 were found to be the highest cytotoxic agents with IC50 values < 3.0 µM, therefore, they may serve as a promising lead candidate for further investigation. The probable binding modes of the most active compounds were explored and further verified using molecular dynamics simulation.
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