Abstract
Nevus of Ota is a dermal melanocytic hamartoma of unknown cause and rare in Indian subcontinent, associated with ophthalmic, maxillary and mandibular divisions of trigeminal nerve. Oral involvement of nevus of ota is very rare and found mostly in females. This review highlights this obscure, but important oro-facial pigmentation.
Highlights
Nevus of Ota is a macula-dermal discoloration occurring due to failure of melanocytes migration from the neural crest to dermaepidermal junction
More common in Asian and African population Hulk firstly described this condition as oculodermal melanosis in 1861 [1,2]
Worldwide prevalence of nevus of Ota is around 0.10-0.32%
Summary
Nevus of Ota is a macula-dermal discoloration occurring due to failure of melanocytes migration from the neural crest to dermaepidermal junction. Ophthalmic, Maxillary and Mandibular divisions of trigeminal Nerve are involved out of which maxillary is most common [7,8]. The two peak ages of onset in early infancy and in early adolescence suggest that hormones are a factor in the development of this condition [13] It was divided into 4 types on the basis of skin involvement area [14,15] (Figure 1). Type II: pigmentation macules involving two branches of the trigeminal nerve. Type III: (ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular nerves; V1 + V2 + V3) of the trigeminal nerve. Type IV (bilateral type): bilateral pigmentation macules respectively involve innervation areas of one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve. Type V: nevus of Ota with complications, such as Port-Wine Stains (PWS), telangiectasia, vitiligo
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