Neutrophils keep the peace

Abstract

Asthma Allergic airway inflammation is a complex disease, and multiple immune and nonimmune factors contribute to its development and progression. Using a house dust mite–induced mouse model of allergic inflammation, Patel et al. found that depletion of neutrophils worsens airway inflammation and enhances myelopoiesis—the proliferation of bone marrow cells—driven by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). Experiments demonstrate a previously unsuspected link between this hormone and type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). G-CSF acts directly on both human and mouse ILC2s to promote production of the cytokines interleukin-5 and -13. Sci. Immunol. 4 , eaax7006 (2019).