Abstract
BackgroundThis study investigated neutrophil activation and neutrophil-derived extracellular traps formation in coronary artery ectasia.MethodsWe enrolled 90 patients who underwent coronary angiography, and included 30 patients with coronary artery ectasia (CAE), 30 patients with obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) and 30 patients with normal coronary arteries (CON). Intra-neutrophil mean myeloperoxidase index (MPXI) was determined using an automated blood cell counter (ADVIA2120 Hematology System). Serum concentrations of plasma adhesion molecules, cytokines, and neutrophil-derived extracellular traps were quantified.ResultsThe intra-neutrophil mean myeloperoxidase index was reduced in CAE patients compared to CAD and CON patients (1.02 ± 3.01, 3.22 ± 3.03, 3.52 ± 4.25, respectively; CAE vs CAD, p = 0.016 and CAE vs CON, p = 0.007). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that MPXI and dsDNA were independent factors that predicted the presence of CAE. CAE patients had higher levels of plasma adhesion molecules (P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1, E-selectin, L-selectin) and interleukin 1 beta levels. Neutrophil extracellular trap concentrations were significantly higher in the CAE group compared to CAD and CON patients (284.31(258.33–449.91) ng/mL, 225.12(203.34–257.13) ng/mL, and 247.37(231.04–273.01) ng/mL, respectively; CAE vs CAD, p = 0.000 and CAE vs CON, p = 0.001).ConclusionsPeripheral neutrophils from CAE patients were activated and neutrophil extracellular traps were elevated in the plasma. IL-1β and soluble adhesion molecules may be the causal factors for neutrophil activation.
Highlights
This study investigated neutrophil activation and neutrophil-derived extracellular traps formation in coronary artery ectasia
The current study investigated neutrophil activation and neutrophil-derived neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in coronary artery ectasia and deciphered its possible mechanistic role
We only found differences in hemoglobin between the coronary artery disease (CAD) and coronary arteries (CON) groups, the median for all three groups was within normal ranges
Summary
This study investigated neutrophil activation and neutrophil-derived extracellular traps formation in coronary artery ectasia. Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is a rare condition that forms a bulge in the coronary arteries that exceeds 1.5 times or more of the normal artery diameter. Neutrophils are the most abundant immune cells in the body and act as an essential part of the innate immune response [2, 3]. There is increasing evidence that neutrophils and neutrophil-derived products participate in atherogenesis, acute coronary syndrome and coronary artery ectasia [3,4,5,6]. The pathogenesis and etiology of coronary artery ectasia are poorly understood, with only a few studies published on the role of neutrophils in CAE [1]. Previous studies have demonstrated that neutrophil serine proteases, neutrophil gelatinase-
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