Abstract
We study the influence of a possible H dibaryon condensate on the equation of state and the overall properties of neutron stars whose population otherwise contains nucleons and hyperons. In particular, we are interested in the question of whether neutron stars and their masses can be used to say anything about the existence and properties of the H dibaryon. We find that the equation of state is softened by the appearance of a dibaryon condensate and can result in a mass plateau for neutron stars. If the limiting neutron star mass is about that of the Hulse-Taylor pulsar a condensate of H dibaryons of vacuum mass $\ensuremath{\sim}2.2\mathrm{GeV}$ and a moderately attractive potential in the medium could not be ruled out. On the other hand, if the medium potential were even moderately repulsive, the H would not likely exist in neutron stars. If neutron stars of mass $\ensuremath{\sim}{1.6M}_{\ensuremath{\bigodot}}$ were known to exist, attractive medium effects for the H could be ruled out.
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