Neutron production in deuteron-induced reactions on Li, Be, and C at an incident energy of 102 MeV

Shouhei Araki,Yukinobu Watanabe,Daiki Satoh,Tatsushi Shima,Yosuke Iwamoto,Mizuki Kitajima,Keita Nakano,Masayuki Hagiwara,Hiroshi Yashima,Tadahiro Kin,Hiroki Sadamatsu,A Plompen,P Siegler,P Schillebeeckx,W Mondelaers,F.-J Hambsch,S Kopecky,J Heyse,S Oberstedt

doi:10.1051/epjconf/201714611027

Abstract

Double-differential cross sections (DDXs) of deuteron-induced neutron production reactions on Li, Be, and C at 102 MeV were measured at forward angles (≤ 25 ∘ ) by means of a time of flight method with NE213 liquid organic scintillators at the Research Center of Nuclear Physics, Osaka University. The experimental results were compared with model calculations with PHITS and DEURACS. The DEURACS calculation reproduces the experimental DDXs for C at very forward angles than the PHITS one. Moreover, the incident energy dependence of the Li(d,xn) reaction was investigated by adding the DDX data measured previously at 25 and 40 MeV.

Highlights

The (d,xn) reaction on Li, Be, and C is considered as one of the effective reactions to produce high intensity neutron beams necessary in modern neutron applications such as radiation damage evaluation for fusion materials [1], medical radioisotope production [2], and nuclear transmutation studies [3]
Some neutron beam facilities are under construction or design, e.g., the international Fusion Material Irradiation Facility (IFMIF) [1], the neutron for Science (NFS) facility at SPIRAL2 [4] and the Beijing Isotope Separation On-Line neutron beam facility (BISOL) [5]
The systematic errors are as follow: (a) the accuracy of the detection efficiencies calculated by the SCINFUL-QMD code, (b) the uncertainty in the PSD, (c) the determination of the solid angle, (d) the integrated beam current, (e) the accuracy of the correction of attenuation in air estimated by the PHITS code, and (f) the influence of neutron scattering from the swinger magnet, the floor, the wall, and the collimator

Summary

Introduction

The (d,xn) reaction on Li, Be, and C is considered as one of the effective reactions to produce high intensity neutron beams necessary in modern neutron applications such as radiation damage evaluation for fusion materials [1], medical radioisotope production [2], and nuclear transmutation studies [3]. Basic nuclear data that can describe accurately deuteron-induced neutron production reactions are required for the assessment of neutron yields. DEUteron-induced Reaction Analysis Code System (DEURACS) is being developed [8, 9]. The latest work has demonstrated that DEURACS calculations reproduce well experimental thick target neutron yields (TTNYs) data of (d,xn) reactions on Be and C for incident energies below 50 MeV. Validation of INCL and DEURACS has not been sufficient for deuteron-induced neutron production over a wide range of incident energy. We have performed a new measurement of DDXs for deuteron-induced neutron production reactions on three target nuclei, Li, Be, and C, at 102 MeV. The measured data are compared with PHITS and DEURACS calculations. The incident energy dependence of the Li(d,xn) reaction is investigated using the previous measurements at 25 and 40 MeV [10, 11], in comparison with the Li(p,n) data in the incident energy range from 20 to 140 MeV

Experimental method

Data analysis

Experimental results

Comparison with PHITS calculations

Comparison with DEURACS calculations

Summary and conclusions