Abstract
A method of neutron diffraction is described which enables the first hydration zone ofsmall cations to be investigated at atomic resolution. It is shown that the cationstructures of aqueous electrolyte solutions dissolved in a ‘null’ mixture of water(H2O) andheavy water (D2O), can be calculated directly from the neutron scattering patterns. The hitherto unresolved structurearound Na+ is used to illustrate the power of this method, the accuracy of which is discussed formallywith reference to standard nickel chloride solutions. Possible applications to avariety of other systems and at different thermodynamic states are proposed.
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