Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of bone regeneration in developed bioceramics composed of dicalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite (DCP/HA). Critical bony defects were prepared in mandibles of beagles. Defects were grafted using DCP/HA or collagen-enhanced particulate biphasic calcium phosphate (TCP/HA/Col), in addition to a control group without grafting. To assess the efficacy of new bone formation, implant stability quotient (ISQ) values, serial bone labeling, and radiographic and histological percentage of marginal bone coverage (PMBC) were carefully evaluated four, eight, and 12 weeks after surgery. Statistically significant differences among the groups were observed in the histological PMBC after four weeks. The DCP/HA group consistently exhibited significantly higher ISQ values and radiographic and histological PMCB eight and 12 weeks after surgery. At 12 weeks, the histological PMBC of DCP/HA (72.25% ± 2.99%) was higher than that in the TCP/HA/Col (62.61% ± 1.52%) and control groups (30.64% ± 2.57%). After rigorously evaluating the healing of biphasic DCP/HA bioceramics with a critical size peri-implant model with serial bone labeling, we confirmed that neutralized bioceramics exhibiting optimal compression strength and biphasic properties show promising efficacy in fast bone formation and high marginal bone coverage in peri-implant bone defects.
Highlights
Despite the advancing popularity and development of implant dentistry, installing dental implants in patients presenting with poor bone quality poses a challenge [1]
Eight, and 12 weeks, the dicalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite (DCP/HA)-treated defects exhibited the highest implant stability quotient (ISQ), followed by those treated with tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite. (TCP/HA)/Col and the control group (Figure 3a)
At 8 weeks, further new bone formation was observed in the DCP/HA group, whereas significantly less bone formation was observed in the control group
Summary
Despite the advancing popularity and development of implant dentistry, installing dental implants in patients presenting with poor bone quality poses a challenge [1]. Calcium phosphate ceramics has been frequently used as a biosynthetic material in clinical dentistry [2,3]. Bioceramics such as α-TCP with dicalcium silicate has been proven to be a promising bone substitute in rabbit tibia defect model and might be considered to be used in the field of maxillofacial surgery [4]. A novel silicocarnotite scaffold, in the tricalcium phosphate-dicalcium silicate binary system, has been advocated to be applied in bone reconstruction, since they imitate the physicochemical characteristics of bone substitutes. Calcium phosphate ceramics play a role in bone formation and offer a temporary support through the “creeping-substitution” mechanism [5].
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