Abstract
Mental disorders have many differences in pathogenesis and clinical symptoms, however, they are characterized by general neurobiological processes that occur with a damage of nervous tissue, disturbance of blood-brain barrier, inclusion of autoimmune mechanisms, neurodegenerative processes and release of neurospecific proteins into the liquor and into the blood. We presented a review of current literature devoted to studies of the role of neurospecific proteins in the pathogenesis of affective disorders. Glial fibrillar acidic protein (GFAP), S-100 protein, myelin basic protein (MBP), and neuron specific enolase (NSE) reflect damage of neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes in depressive disorders and they could be considered as transdiagnostic nonspecific markers of affective disorders.
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