Abstract
Neuroretinitis is one of the forms of optic neuritis characterized by swelling of optic nerve head and adjoining retinal nerve fiber layer resulting in a macular star configuration. The underlying pathophysiology involves increased permeability of disc vasculature, but the etiology is not fully defined. Neuroretinitis may occur due to an infectious process involving the disc, a postviral or autoimmune mechanism or sometimes idiopathic. Technological advances like ophthalmoscopy, slit-lamp examination, fluorescein angiography, magnetic resonance imaging and immunodiagnostic tests all come handily and are often imperative in making an accurate diagnosis. Conditions mimicking neuroretinitis include papilledema, anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, and infiltration of the optic disc by tumor and systemic hypertension. Neuroretinitis is usually a self-limited disorder with a good visual prognosis. Treatment of neuroretinitis is required only when there is an underlying infectious or inflammatory condition.
Highlights
Theodor Leber way back in 1916 described this condition as stellate maculopathy [1]
Neuroretinitis is one of the forms of optic neuritis characterized by swelling of optic nerve head and adjoining retinal nerve fiber layer resulting in a macular star configuration
Neuroretinitis is a particular form of optic neuropathy characterised by acute unilateral visual loss in the setting of optic disc swelling and hard exudates arranged in a star figure around the fovea [3]
Summary
Theodor Leber way back in 1916 described this condition as stellate maculopathy [1]. Gass in 1977 coined the term neuroretinitis [2]. Neuroretinitis is a particular form of optic neuropathy characterised by acute unilateral visual loss in the setting of optic disc swelling and hard exudates arranged in a star figure around the fovea [3]. It affects persons of all ages, it occurs more often. Neuroretinitis is a rare clinical entity often confused with the more common papillitis or papilledema The fundus in these and other forms of opticneuropathy have several common features and can be misdiagnosed by the ill-experienced clinician and sometimes even by ophthalmologists and neurologists. Though the term neuroretinitis emphasizes clinical involvement of both disc and retina, the pathogenic locus is within the optic nerve head and macula is not the primary disease locus
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