Neuropsychological Effects of Ethylene Dichloride Exposure

Abstract

Production of 1,2-dichloroethane (EDC) has increased and exposure to it has been reported to produce adverse effects in animals and CNS effects in humans. A group of 221 EDC exposed hazardous clean-up workers incurred chronic exposure to EDC without protective equipment. A clinical history and the following tests were administered: the WHO Adult Environmental Neurobehavioral Test Battery (AENTB), Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-III), Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS-III); WRAT 3 Reading, Cancellation H, Trail Making, Stroop, Rey Osterreith, Animal Naming, COWAT, TOMM, Rey 15, Lanthony d-15 Color Vision, and Vistech Contrast Sensitivity. Mood and symptoms were assessed with the SCL90-R, BDI, BAI and IES. The clinical neuropsychological evaluation of these workers indicates lower neuropsychological functioning in the domains of processing speed; attention; cognitive flexibility; motor coordination and speed; verbal memory; verbal fluency; and visuo-spatial abilities. These workers also showed disturbed mood and impaired vision. Dose/response relationships between exposure to EDC and test scores are shown.