Neuroprotective properties of xenon. Literature review

Abstract

A systematic analysis of scientific research devoted to the study of neuroprotective properties of xenon was carried out to determine the possibility of its use for the protection of neuronal tissues in various pathological conditions and neurodegenerative disorders. The search was carried out in freely available scientometric databases, such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, etc. The criteria for inclusion in the analysis were publications that discussed the role of xenon in the protection of neuronal tissues, studies of the neuroprotective properties of xenon in animal and cellular models, clinical studies demonstrating the neuroprotective potential of xenon in available English-language sources. The literature was analyzed to identify key findings, research methodology, and outcomes related to the neuroprotective properties of xenon. This included an analysis of research methods, models used to assess the impact of xenon on neuronal structures, and the volume and quality of the data obtained. In addition, the pharmacological properties of xenon are considered, in particular, its physicochemical characteristics, mechanisms of action at the molecular level, and pharmacokinetics. The results of studies of the influence of xenon on the state of vascularization of the brain after after traumatic brain injury and the potential of xenon to prevent further injuries are presented. Studies evaluating the effects of xenon on neurological deficits after ischemic stroke and its potential efficacy as an anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective agent are discussed. The effect of xenon on the white matter of the brain in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and its potential to reduce damage are highlighted. Research data on the use of the liposomal form of xenon to improve the condition after a stroke, mental health, and the effect of xenon on the intestinal microbiota were analyzed. The results of studies on the effectiveness of repeated injections of xenon to improve sensorimotor and neuropsychic functions in patients after a stroke, as well as the use of xenon as one of the components of intensive therapy for alcohol poisoning and the potential advantages of such an approach are presented. Based on the analysis of literary sources, it was concluded that xenon is a promising tool for protecting brain structures in traumatic injuries and ischemic lesions, which improves rehabilitation. It reduces inflammation and increases the integrity of the blood-brain barrier, which helps restore brain function.