Abstract
As our global population ages, the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases is critical to our society. In recent years, researchers have begun to study the role of biologically active chemicals from plants and herbs to gain new inspiration and develop new therapeutic drugs. Ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Mey.) is a famous Chinese herbal medicine with a variety of pharmacological activities. It has been used to treat various diseases since ancient times. Extensive research over the years has shown that ginseng has potential as a neuroprotective drug, and its neuroprotective effects can be used to treat and prevent neurological damage or pathologically related diseases (such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, depression symptoms, and strokes). Moreover, evidence for the medicinal and health benefits of ginsenoside, its main active ingredient, in the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases is increasing, and current clinical results have not reported any serious adverse reactions to ginseng. Therefore, we briefly review the recent research and development on the beneficial effects and mechanisms of ginseng and its main active ingredient, ginsenoside, in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, hoping to provide some ideas for the discovery and identification of ginseng neuroprotection.
Highlights
As our global population ages, the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases is critical to our society.According to the World Health Organization, the percentage of the world’s population over the age of 60 will almost double from 12% in 2015 to 22% in 2050, reaching nearly 2 billion by 2050
The results demonstrated that Rg1 shows neuroprotective effects in in vivo and in in vitro Parkinson’s disease (PD) models, and these effects act through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway [62]
Zhou et al [66] confirmed that i.p. administration of Rg1 for 15 consecutive days could protect anti-tyrosine hydroxylase positive cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) region from MPTP toxicity measured with immunofluorescence and found that CD3+ T cells accumulated in the SNpc and that Rg1 treatment reduced the infiltration of T cells in this region
Summary
As our global population ages, the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases is critical to our society. The prevalence of known age-related neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) [1] and Parkinson’s disease (PD) [2] has increased due to prolonged life expectancy When it comes to AD, no one is a stranger. As the main active ingredients of ginseng, 20(S)-protopanaxadiol and 20(S)-protopanaxatriol groups have gradually become the focus of medical and pharmaceutical research These compounds show advantageous pharmacological effects in the central nervous system (CNS), which can be converted therapeutically into clinical applications. Of neurodegenerative diseases and hopes to discover and identify the neuroprotective effects of ginseng (Figure 2).
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