Neuroprotective effect of combined ultrasound and microbubbles in a rat model of middle cerebral artery infarction

Abstract

Ultrasound‐mediated microbubble thrombolysis (UMT) was performed in a middle cerebral artery occlusion model in rats to evaluate possible effects upon brain infarct volume, apoptosis, IL‐6 and TNF‐alpha levels, and disruption of the blood‐brain barrier (BBB). The results show that infarct volume was significantly reduced (p<0.04) in the microbubble + ultrasound (MB + US) group as compared to control animals. The levels of IL‐6 and TNF‐alpha concentrations, as markers of tissue damage, were not significantly different. In trypan blue treated animals, no additional BBB disruption was observed for the UMT group. Likewise, there was no increase in apoptotic cell death outside the infarction area in animals treated with MB + US. The results demonstrate that UMT does not have a harmful effect upon ischemic stroke in a middle cerebral artery occlusion model of the rat. The significant reduction in brain infarction following insonation with ultrasound and microbubbles suggests a novel neuroprotective effect in ischemic stroke.Ultrasound‐mediated microbubble thrombolysis (UMT) was performed in a middle cerebral artery occlusion model in rats to evaluate possible effects upon brain infarct volume, apoptosis, IL‐6 and TNF‐alpha levels, and disruption of the blood‐brain barrier (BBB). The results show that infarct volume was significantly reduced (p<0.04) in the microbubble + ultrasound (MB + US) group as compared to control animals. The levels of IL‐6 and TNF‐alpha concentrations, as markers of tissue damage, were not significantly different. In trypan blue treated animals, no additional BBB disruption was observed for the UMT group. Likewise, there was no increase in apoptotic cell death outside the infarction area in animals treated with MB + US. The results demonstrate that UMT does not have a harmful effect upon ischemic stroke in a middle cerebral artery occlusion model of the rat. The significant reduction in brain infarction following insonation with ultrasound and microbubbles suggests a novel neuroprotective effect in is...