Abstract
This chapter analyzes neuroprotective actions of coenzyme Q 10 in Parkinson's Disease (PD). PD is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease. A definitive neuropathological diagnosis of PD requires loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and related brain stem nuclei and the presence of Lewy bodies in remaining nerve cells. The contribution of genetic factors to the pathogenesis of PD is increasingly being recognized. It has been found that 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6 tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) becomes oxidized to 1-methyl-4-phenyl-2,3-dihydropyridinium ion (MPDP + ) and finally to methyl-phenyl-tetrahydro-pyridinium ion (MPP + ), which generates free radicals and causes parkinsonism in human beings. A deficiency of NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase also causes striatal cell death. A deficiency of complex I may signify that an MPTP-like neurotoxin is generated endogenously, enhancing the vulnerability of striatum to oxidative stress reactions. Details of preparation of mitochondrial genome knock-out neurons are presented in the chapter. The chapter elaborates the neuroprotective potential of coenzyme Q10. Quantitative estimation results for coenzyme Q9 and Q10 are presented in the chapter. The chapter explores the molecular mechanism of neuroprotection provided by coenzyme Q10 in PD.
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