Neurophysiology, biomechanics, and modeling of normal voice production

Abstract

This paper reviews recent progress in the development of models of the larynx and its control by the central nervous system (CNS). Biomechanical studies provide the data from which laryngeal models are built. These models, in turn, address questions such as the self-oscillatory behavior of the vocal folds, laryngeal mechanisms controlling vocal fold tension and fundamental frequency aerodynamics in the vocal tract, and the mechanisms controlling voice loudness. CNS studies, especially those studies measuring neural activity during vocal behavior, provide data that might prove useful in developing models of CNS vocal control mechanisms. Only very preliminary, limited models of such function are currently feasible. Despite the limitations of current neurolaryngologic data and models, relationships with clinical issues are becoming apparent.