Neurophysiological response to stress in younger individuals of the modern generation

Abstract

Introduction: Stress and its response among young adults in the modern generation are not evaluated fully. There is a need to understand the normal physiological changes in the individual in response to a stressor. Serum cortisol and state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) are most commonly used to assess the quality and quantity of stress in an individual. STAI measures the quantum of stress the person perceives. Serum cortisol measures the neurophysiological response to the stressor. Relationship between STAI and serum cortisol is studied in order assess the stress pattern and its response in the individuals. Materials and Methods: A total of 80 subjects in the age group of 18-24 were included in this study. STAI Questionnaire was administered. Serum cortisol assay was done. Subjects were divided into three groups based on the STAI score. The pattern of serum cortisol was studied in all the groups. Results: The mean age of the participants was 21.5 ± 2.07 years with a range of 18-24 years. The mean values of body mass index were 21.85 ± 4.05 kg/m 2 , serum cortisol was 130.07 ± 64.38 ng/dl, and STAI scores were 46.81 ± 6.15, respectively. The mean difference in serum cortisol level between the groups was found to be statistically significant ( P = 0.016). Negative correlation was seen between STAI scores and serum cortisol in the entire group (r = −0.235, P 50) had increased stress, but mean serum cortisol level was least when compared with other two groups. This indicates that group individuals had experienced more stress, but physiological adaptations in response to stress was insufficient. This is also true in Group 2 who showed similar findings. There is a need for understanding the type of stressor and their intensity in stimulating the appropriate defense mechanism. Accordingly the stress coping techniques has to be inculcated in the young adults of present generation.