Neurophysiological Mechanisms of Rapidity Quality Development in Female Students Going in for Basketball and Volleyball at Sports Clubs

Angelina Shakhanova,Ekaterina Kalnaya,Tatiana Petrova,Aida Cheuzheva

doi:10.3844/ajassp.2016.580.585

Abstract

Using the “NS-Pshykho Test” certified software package (Ivanovo, Russia), we studied the measurements of Simple Hand-Eye Response time (SHER), tapping test frequency, time of Reaction To Moving Object (RMO), Critical Flicker Fusion Frequency (CFFF) in female students going and not going in for sports (volleyball, basketball) at sports clubs. The basis of neuromotor state is formed by variants of classical techniques of chronoreflexometry characterizing the overall tone, mobility, lability, strength of CNS (SHER, tapping test), balance of activation-inhibitory processes (RMO), Rapidity and Visual Perception Clarity (CFFF). Strategic processing of results was made by means of Statistica 6.0 software and Microsoft Excel’s built-in statistical function. In the process of training macro-cycles a higher level of reserves and rapidity quality develops and correction sensory level increases in female students going in for sports, especially when practicing basketball. However volleyball classes are more conducive to optimizing the balance of activation-inhibitory processes, which improves the possibility to regulate voluntarily manifestations of sensory and motor functions and enables to anticipate more effectively possible trajectory of the ball movement and speed up the response training. The independent sources present primarily fragmentary data on psychophysiological and psycho-emotional features of highly-qualified sportsmen. Several studies examine the properties of the Central Nervous System (CNS) as a limiting factor of sports activity that determines the functional and psychological preparedness of sportsmen, their model of motor abilities, especially in situational sports. There are no analogues of studying neuromotor characteristics of rapidity quality development in female students playing sports at specialized sports clubs and focused on maintaining a healthy lifestyle rather than achieving high sports results. The obtained results differ from the results previously reported by us for highly qualified sportsmen. Higher qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the functional state of the central nervous system demonstrated by qualified athletes as a result of long-term morpho-functional specialization of the body in comparison to sportsmen, who did not have sports category, prove their prognostic significance in achieving a high level of physical performance. Used modern tools of neuromotor diagnosis can be effectively used in monitoring the CNS functional state during sports training and timely correction of the training process.

Highlights

The preservation and strengthening of students’ health currently turns into a significant factor of sociocultural and economic policy of any state
The indicators of the functional state of the nervous system were studied at the premises of the Physiology of Child Development laboratory of the Institute for Complex Problems of Adyghe State University (Russia) in female students of the faculties not related to sports, who regularly went in for sports at basketball and volleyball clubs
The most important indicator describing the rate of the excitation and inhibition processes in the central nervous system, the ability to ensure high accuracy of the work performed is the Simple Hand-Eye Response time (SHER) time

Summary

Introduction

The preservation and strengthening of students’ health currently turns into a significant factor of sociocultural and economic policy of any state. An athlete must be able quickly to perceive and process information, which plays a significant role in obtaining positive results (Maly et al, 2011; Braulio et al, 2013). This is especially important for team sports that dominate among students. Training and competitive activities within team sports require intensive development of general and speed endurance, reaction rapidity, due to huge amount of information processed fast under the time pressure in a continuously changing situation (Dicks et al, 2011; Drid et al, 2012)

Methods

Results

Conclusion